Figure 8 Pufferfish: A Fascinating Aquatic Species

The Figure 8 Pufferfish (Tetraodon biocellatus), also known as the Eye Spot Puffer, is a captivating and highly popular species in the aquarium trade. This charming fish is named after the distinctive pattern on its body, which resembles the number "8" or a pair of eyes. In this article, we will delve into the unique characteristics, habitat, behavior, and care requirements of the Figure 8 Pufferfish.

Appearance and Behavior:
The Figure 8 Pufferfish is relatively small, typically growing up to four inches in length. Its body is round and elongated with a distinctive coloration. The base color ranges from light beige to pale yellow, adorned with dark, irregular markings that resemble the number 8 or eyes. These markings help to confuse predators by making the pufferfish appear larger and more intimidating.

One of the most intriguing features of the Figure 8 Pufferfish is its ability to inflate its body when threatened or stressed. By rapidly ingesting water, it expands to almost twice its size, making it difficult for predators to swallow. Additionally, this pufferfish has sharp beak-like teeth that continuously grow, allowing it to feed on crustaceans and mollusks.

Habitat and Distribution:
Native to the brackish waters of Southeast Asia, particularly in the rivers and coastal areas of Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Singapore, the Figure 8 Pufferfish is commonly found in estuaries, mangrove swamps, and slow-moving freshwater rivers. These habitats are characterized by varying salinity levels and abundant vegetation, which provide shelter and abundant food sources for the species.

Aquarium Care:
The Figure 8 Pufferfish has gained popularity among aquarium enthusiasts due to its unique appearance and engaging behavior. However, it requires specific care conditions to ensure its well-being. Here are some key points to consider when keeping Figure 8 Pufferfish in an aquarium:

1. Tank Size: Provide a spacious tank with a minimum capacity of 30 gallons for a single pufferfish. If keeping multiple individuals, increase the tank size accordingly to prevent territorial disputes.

2. Water Parameters: Maintain a temperature range of 75-82°F (24-28°C) and a pH level between 7.5 and 8.5. It is crucial to replicate the brackish water conditions found in its natural habitat by adding marine salt mixtures to achieve a specific gravity of around 1.005 to 1.010.

3. Filtration and Oxygenation: Use an efficient filtration system to keep the water clean and well-oxygenated. Figure 8 Pufferfish are sensitive to poor water quality, so regular water changes and diligent maintenance are necessary.

4. Tank Decorations: Provide a well-planted aquarium with hiding spots and caves to mimic their natural habitat. Driftwood and rocks can also be added, creating various nooks and crannies for exploration.

5. Feeding: Figure 8 Pufferfish are primarily carnivorous, and their diet should consist of a variety of live and frozen foods. Offer a mixture of small crustaceans, snails, clams, and occasional frozen foods like brine shrimp or bloodworms. To maintain their beak-like teeth, offer harder shelled prey or provide appropriate chewable items.

6. Tankmates: Exercise caution when selecting tankmates for the Figure 8 Pufferfish. They can be aggressive towards other fish, particularly smaller species that may be seen as prey. Compatible tankmates include other brackish water species such as gobies, mollies, and archerfish.